Sequence of sequences
Richard Guy
rkg at cpsc.ucalgary.ca
Sat Sep 9 22:31:54 CEST 2006
Dear all,
Alex Fink, Mark Krusemeyer & I are still
trying to get our paper ``Partitions with Parts
Occurring at Most Thrice'' published. When we've
cleaned up the bit arising from the present
message, I'll be happy to send the current preprint
version to anyone interested.
The columns of our Table 9 (you can
reconstruct this from the info below) form a 2-way
infinite sequence of sequences, for which I use
the parameter r:
For r = -16, -15, -14, ..., 14, 15, they are
? ? ? A001570 A085260 A077417 A078922 A072256
A070998 A070997 A049685 A001653 A004253 A001835
A001519 A000012 A011655 ? A057079 A005408
A002878 A001834 A030221 A002315 A033890 A057080
A057081 A054320 A097783 A077416 ? A028230
They're probably in an array somewhere, but I have
some comments/queries.
For r positive, I want to have alternating signs,
so you may want to change the sign of x or of r
sometimes [ and perhaps forget (-)^n ]
The generating function is (1-x)/(1-(r+1)x+x^2)
[this is missing in one or two cases, and given
in a slightly-more-complicated-than-necessary form
in others]
The recurrence relation is a(n)=(1-r)a(n-1)-a(n-2)
[modulo the remark about the sign of r above]
The terms are solutions of the Bramahgupta equation
(r-3)x^2 - (r+1)y^2 = -4
in which you can swap r with 2-r and in which
the x come from the r sequence and the y from
the 2-r sequence. This works for ALL r, though
the result is not too earth-shaking for -2 < r < 4
They are values of Chebyshev polynomials. I don't
know what a Chebyshev polynomial is, and I'm at
home, away from works of ref, but I believe that
the present values are
(-)^n S(2n,v) = (-)^n U(2n,v/2)
where v = sqrt(r+1). Again, I believe that this
holds for all r. Also, swapping r with 2-r,
I believe that for r odd and negative (and
possibly for other r ?)
= (-)^n T(2n+1,w) / w
where w = sqrt(3-r)/2 and I'm not quite sure
if that 2 is under the sqrt sign
or not ! Comments eagerly awaited by R.
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